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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...

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Updated: May 24, 2025

A Standardized Liquid Biopsy Preanalytical Protocol for Downstream Circulating-Free DNA Applications

A Standardized Liquid Biopsy Preanalytical Protocol for Downstream Circulating-Free DNA Applications

Published on: September 16, 2022

Circulating non-coding RNAs as a tool for liquid biopsy in solid tumors.

Beyza Karaca Dogan¹, Seda Salman Yilmaz^1,2, Gizem Nur Izgi¹

¹Department of Medical Genetics, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkiye.

|March 5, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Circulating non-coding RNAs in liquid biopsies show promise for early cancer diagnosis and monitoring treatment response in solid tumors. Research highlights microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and other small RNAs for their diagnostic and therapeutic potential.

Keywords:

Non-coding RNAs biomarkers circulating epigenetic regulations lncRNA microRNA solid tumors

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Last Updated: May 24, 2025

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Detection of Cell-Free DNA in Blood Plasma Samples of Cancer Patients

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Published on: September 9, 2020

Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Solid tumors are a major global health burden, driving research into non-invasive diagnostic and monitoring tools.
Liquid biopsies offer a promising avenue for detecting cancer-specific molecules due to their accessibility and dynamic changes with disease progression or treatment.
Circulating non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are gaining attention for their stability and potential as biomarkers in body fluids.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the most researched circulating non-coding RNAs in solid tumors.
To discuss the significance of these ncRNAs for early diagnosis, prognosis, and as therapeutic targets.
To provide an overview of advancements in the field based on literature from 2008 to June 2024.

Main Methods:

Literature search of the PubMed database.
Analysis of publications focusing on circulating non-coding RNAs in solid tumors.
Review of studies investigating the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of these molecules.

Main Results:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied as circulating biomarkers.
Increasing interest is observed in other ncRNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), piwi interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs).
These circulating ncRNAs demonstrate potential for non-invasive early diagnosis, predicting patient outcomes, and guiding therapeutic strategies in solid tumors.

Conclusions:

Circulating non-coding RNAs represent a valuable class of biomarkers for solid tumors.
Their utility spans early detection, prognosis assessment, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Further research into diverse ncRNA species in liquid biopsies is warranted to fully harness their clinical potential.