The role of neutrophils and their immunosuppressive effects on prostate cancer

Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of prostate cancer on a global scale, establishing it as the second most prevalent malignant tumor among European and American males. Neutrophils are myeloid immune cells that constitute a crucial proportion of inflammatory cells within the human circulatory system and actively contribute to the composition of the prostate tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent investigations have revealed that neutrophils are influenced by the surrounding tumor environment and possess a dual capacity to either promote or suppress cancer within the TME. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of neutrophils in prostate cancer remain inadequately elucidated. In this review, we aimed to comprehensively outline the character of neutrophils in the development and progression of prostate cancer while also exploring the clinical prognostic significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR).