Improving functional capacity in haemophilia through adapted physical activity: a pilot study protocol.

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Sports Medicine
• Genetics

Background:

• Haemophilia leads to musculoskeletal issues like arthropathy, causing reduced function, weakness, and kinesiophobia.
• Physical inactivity and psychological distress are common in individuals with haemophilia.
• The World Federation of Haemophilia advocates for regular physical activity to improve bone/muscle health, weight, coordination, and self-esteem.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of an adapted physical activity (APA) program for individuals with haemophilia.
• To analyze changes in functional capacity, joint mobility, kinesiophobia, daily activity limitations, and balance post-program.
• To hypothesize that APA can improve joint mobility, strength, proprioception, and reduce kinesiophobia, enhancing overall physical function.

Main Methods:

• A 6-month APA program with 1-hour sessions twice weekly.
• Sessions included warm-up, strength, mobility, proprioception, balance exercises, and cool-down.
• Low-impact, low-to-moderate intensity exercises tailored to individual joint function, supervised by professionals to minimize joint loading and prevent haemarthrosis.

Main Results:

• The APA program demonstrated improvements in functional capacity.
• Positive impacts were observed in joint mobility, muscle strength, and balance.
• A reduction in kinesiophobia and limitations in daily activities was noted.

Conclusions:

• Adapted physical activity programs are effective in managing musculoskeletal complications in haemophilia.
• APA can significantly improve physical function, reduce fear of movement, and enhance quality of life for individuals with haemophilia.
• Supervised, tailored exercise interventions are crucial for safe and effective management.