Statin Utilization for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients Developing First ST-Segment Elevation
Abdullah Faiz Zaihan1,2, Shairyzah Ahmad Hisham3, Aina Yazrin Ali Nasiruddin3
1Department of Pharmacy Shah Alam Hospital Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia.
Insights
Statin therapy for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) was underutilized in patients before their first ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Hypertension and dyslipidemia were linked to statin use, highlighting a need for improved awareness and adherence to guidelines.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Preventive Medicine
- Pharmacotherapy
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality.
- Primary prevention strategies, including statin therapy, are crucial for reducing CVD events.
- ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) represents a critical manifestation of CVD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the utilization rate of statin therapy for primary prevention of CVD.
- To identify factors associated with statin use in patients preceding their first STEMI.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of statin therapy in managing lipid levels post-STEMI.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study design.
- Inclusion of 177 patients admitted for their first STEMI at a Malaysian hospital in 2020.
- Logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of statin utilization.
Main Results:
- Only 15.8% of patients received statin therapy for primary CVD prevention before their first STEMI.
- Hypertension (AOR: 9.570) and dyslipidemia (AOR: 37.900) were significant predictors of statin use.
- Statin therapy demonstrated significant cholesterol reduction post-STEMI.
Conclusions:
- Low utilization of statin therapy for primary CVD prevention exists among patients experiencing their first STEMI.
- Enhanced awareness, guideline adherence, and optimized LDL-C targeting are necessary.
- Statin therapy is effective in lowering cholesterol levels, emphasizing its importance in CVD prevention.
Background And Aims:
This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the utilization rate of statin therapy for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and factors associated with its use in patients prior to experiencing their first ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods:
The study included 177 patients admitted for their first episode of STEMI at a Malaysian secondary hospital in 2020. Data were retrospectively collected from the electronic health information system. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant predictors of statin therapy utilization for primary prevention.
Results:
Of the 177 patients, only 15.8% (n = 28) had been prescribed statin therapy for the primary prevention of CVD prior to their first STEMI. Hypertension and dyslipidemia were identified as significant predictors of statin use, with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) of 9.570 (95% CI: 1.859-49.281) and 37.900 (95% CI: 6.716-213.87), respectively. Follow-up data indicated significantly reduced cholesterol levels post-STEMI, demonstrating the lipid-lowering effectiveness of statin therapy.
Conclusion:
This study highlights the low utilization rate of statin therapy for primary prevention of CVD among patients prior to their first STEMI. Despite the proven effectiveness of statins in lowering cholesterol levels post-STEMI, there is a need to enhance awareness, adherence to guidelines, and efforts to achieve LDL-C targets through appropriate statin therapy.
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