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Associations Between Exercise Training, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Mortality: An Umbrella Review of
Masoud Rahmati1,2,3,4, Hyeri Lee5, Hayeon Lee5
1CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
|March 5, 2025
Summary
Physical activity is linked to lower mortality, while sedentary behavior is associated with higher risks of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer death. Combined exercise training offers the most significant protection against mortality.
Area of Science:
- Exercise science
- Public health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Numerous studies link exercise training, physical activity (PA), and sedentary behavior (SB) to mortality and morbidity.
- Existing research shows inconsistencies, and no umbrella reviews have been conducted on this topic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct an umbrella review of meta-analyses on exercise, PA, SB, and mortality outcomes.
- To synthesize evidence and assess the certainty of associations between these factors and mortality.
Main Methods:
- Umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies.
- Searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases up to April 2024.
- Assessed meta-analysis quality using AMSTAR 2 and evaluated evidence certainty.
Main Results:
- 48 meta-analyses were included; no evidence was highly convincing.
- Suggestive evidence links PA and SB to mortality risks.
- PA, especially combined aerobic and resistance training, is associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Sedentary behavior is linked to higher mortality.
Conclusions:
- Physical activity and sedentary behavior are associated with mortality rates.
- More high-quality prospective studies are needed to understand associations with specific activities like running and TV viewing.
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