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Virus persistence in groundwater.

M V Yates, C P Gerba, L M Kelley

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |April 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Groundwater contamination causes over half of U.S. waterborne disease outbreaks, primarily from enteric viruses. This study found water temperature significantly impacts virus survival in groundwater, suggesting MS-2 coliphage can model animal virus persistence.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental microbiology
    • Water quality research
    • Public health science

    Background:

    • Over 50% of U.S. waterborne disease outbreaks stem from contaminated groundwater.
    • Enteric viruses cause an estimated 65% of these waterborne illness cases.
    • Limited data exists on the persistence of viruses within groundwater environments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate correlations between measurable environmental factors and virus survival in groundwater.
    • To identify key physical and chemical parameters influencing virus decay rates in groundwater.
    • To assess the suitability of MS-2 coliphage as a model for enteric virus survival.

    Main Methods:

    • Collected groundwater samples from 11 diverse U.S. sites.
    • Measured in situ water temperature, pH, nitrates, turbidity, and hardness.

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  • Inoculated samples with poliovirus 1, echovirus 1, and MS-2 coliphage.
  • Monitored virus infectivity over 30 days at various temperatures.
  • Utilized multiple regression analysis to identify significant correlations.

    • Main Results:

    • Water temperature was the sole significant factor correlating with the decay rates of all three tested viruses.
    • No significant differences were observed in the decay rates among poliovirus 1, echovirus 1, and MS-2 coliphage.
    • These findings suggest MS-2 coliphage may serve as a reliable surrogate for studying enteric virus persistence.

    Conclusions:

    • Water temperature is a critical determinant of virus survival in groundwater.
    • Understanding virus persistence is crucial for mitigating risks associated with groundwater contamination.
    • MS-2 coliphage shows promise as a model organism for groundwater virus survival studies.