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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

44
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
44
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

54
An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
54

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Reshaped functional connectivity gradients in acute ischemic stroke.

Cemal Koba1, Joan Falcó-Roget1, Alessandro Crimi2

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Stroke impacts brain connectivity, causing widespread functional changes. Correcting for hemodynamic lags reveals specific network disruptions linked to behavioral deficits, offering new insights into stroke recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Brain Imaging
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke causes localized brain damage but leads to widespread, high-dimensional changes in functional organization across the cortex.
  • The mechanisms driving these global changes and their link to behavioral deficits remain poorly understood.
  • Functional connectivity gradients offer a low-dimensional framework to represent brain organization and explore disruptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how ischemic stroke alters the canonical functional connectivity gradient space.
  • To quantify functional deviations and their relationship to behavioral deficits after stroke.
  • To assess the impact of hemodynamic lag correction on gradient accuracy and stroke-related changes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized functional connectivity gradients to represent brain organization.
  • Aligned patient data to a control-averaged gradient embedding to quantify functional deviations.
  • Applied hemodynamic lag correction to functional gradients to improve accuracy.
  • Correlated functional deviations in specific brain networks with behavioral impairments.

Main Results:

  • Hemodynamic lag correction enhanced functional connectivity gradients, particularly the second gradient associated with visual and somatomotor function.
  • Significant functional deviations were identified in somatomotor, visual, and ventral attention networks, correlating with behavioral deficits.
  • Intact hemispheres showed preserved asymmetry patterns, while damaged hemispheres exhibited significant changes.
  • Right-sided lesions resulted in more localized functional deviations compared to left-sided lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Correcting for hemodynamic lags improves the accuracy of functional connectivity gradients, increasing explained variance.
  • Stroke-induced behavioral impairments and hemispheric asymmetries arise from altered positioning of connectivity profiles within the low-dimensional gradient space.
  • Large-scale brain function alterations post-stroke manifest as predictable shifts along specific brain axes, even with underlying white matter damage.