Application of reverse genetics system to Chikungunya virus study

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an enveloped RNA virus of the Togaviridae family that causes Chikungunya fever, characterized by fever, myalgia, and arthralgia. Although the mortality rate attributed to CHIKV infection is low, the risk of severe disease increases in young children, the elderly, and people with medical conditions. Given the significant impact of these clinical manifestations, an effective regimen for the treatment of CHIKV infection is needed. The reverse genetics system, an approach to generate a complete virus from cloned cDNA, has been widely used to characterize the replication and pathogenicity of medically important viruses. In particular, the implementation of reverse genetics allows researchers to manipulate the viral genome in vitro, contributing to the development of vaccines and antivirals. This review will present the status of the application of the reverse genetics system to advance knowledge of the biological aspects of CHIKV and summarize how this technology is being used to establish preventive and therapeutic measures against CHIKV infection.