Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

9.7K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
9.7K
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

32.8K
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
32.8K
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

5.7K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.7K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

50.0K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
50.0K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.3K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
2.3K
Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

13.9K
For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
13.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

DNAzyme-based kinetic regulators enable stimulus-responsive and programmable time delays in DNA strand displacement.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2025
Same author

Interpretable molecular decision-making with DNA-based scalable and memory-efficient tree computation.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

DNA Logic Circuit Based on a Toehold-Independent Strand Displacement Reaction Network.

Nano letters·2025
Same author

[Inhibitory effect of tanshinones on proliferation of K562 cell line and its structure-activity relationship].

Zhongguo shi yan xue ye xue za zhi·2010
Same author

CT-guided sclerotherapy with ethanol concentration monitoring for treatment of renal cysts.

AJR. American journal of roentgenology·2010
Same author

[Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute experimental incomplete testicular torsion].

Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology·2010

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2025

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
05:37

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

Published on: April 4, 2025

315

Accelerating Toehold-Mediated DNA Strand Displacement Reaction using Polyquaternium.

Junlan Liu1, Qing Zhang2

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polyquaternium-2 (PQ2) dramatically accelerates toehold-mediated strand displacement (TMSD) reactions, enabling DNA nanotechnology applications with low-concentration reactants. This simple, low-cost accelerator enhances speed and reliability for biosensing and molecular computing.

Keywords:
DNA circuitsDNA nanotechnologyMolecular dynamic systemsPolyquaterniumToehold-mediated strand displacement

More Related Videos

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks
07:50

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks

Published on: November 25, 2015

14.3K
Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51
06:24

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51

Published on: February 13, 2019

7.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2025

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
05:37

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

Published on: April 4, 2025

315
Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks
07:50

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks

Published on: November 25, 2015

14.3K
Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51
06:24

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51

Published on: February 13, 2019

7.9K

Area of Science:

  • DNA nanotechnology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Toehold-mediated strand displacement (TMSD) is a key tool in DNA nanotechnology.
  • TMSD kinetics are often slow, particularly with low reactant concentrations, limiting applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and evaluate an efficient accelerator for TMSD reactions.
  • To demonstrate the broad applicability of the accelerator in various DNA-based systems.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the effect of polyquaternium-2 (PQ2) on TMSD reaction kinetics.
  • Tested PQ2 in TMSD-based catalytic DNA amplifiers and multi-layer circuits.
  • Assessed PQ2's impact on reaction speed, sensitivity, and stability.

Main Results:

  • PQ2 increased the TMSD reaction constant by up to 10^5-fold.
  • Achieved significant acceleration for sub-nanomolar and picomolar inputs.
  • PQ2 enhanced performance by stabilizing DNA, increasing local concentrations, and mitigating inhibitory factors.

Conclusions:

  • PQ2 is a highly effective and efficient accelerator for TMSD reactions.
  • PQ2 enables faster, more sensitive, and robust DNA nanotechnology applications.
  • PQ2 facilitates advanced applications in biosensing and molecular computing.