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Clinical Presentations and Comorbidities of Pediatric Alopecia Areata

Jenna Mistry1, Cathryn Sibbald2

  • 1Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Pediatric Dermatology
|March 5, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Alopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune condition causing hair loss, can affect children. This review details pediatric AA presentation and compares it to adult forms, highlighting limited pediatric research.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Pediatric Health

Background:

  • Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by non-scarring hair loss targeting hair follicles.
  • While AA can occur at any age, evidence regarding pediatric-onset AA is limited, primarily consisting of case reports and series.
  • Existing data show considerable variation in the average age of presentation for pediatric AA, with reported ranges from 6 to 12 years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation of alopecia areata in the pediatric population.
  • To contrast the characteristics of pediatric-onset AA with those of adult-onset AA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on pediatric and adult alopecia areata.
  • Synthesis of clinical data regarding age of onset, presentation, and disease course.

Main Results:

  • Data on pediatric AA is sparse, with onset reported between 6 and 12 years of age, showing significant variability.
  • Clinical presentation and disease progression in children may differ from adults, though comprehensive data is lacking.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to better understand the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of pediatric alopecia areata.
  • Distinguishing pediatric AA from adult AA is crucial for appropriate diagnosis and management strategies.

Keywords:
alopecia areataautoimmunepediatric

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