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Calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D supplementations as complementary therapy for hypertensive patients: a systematic

Samar A Amer1, Dina Essam Abo-Elnour2, Abdallah Abbas3

  • 1Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. dr_samar11@yahoo.com.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
|March 5, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Calcium and magnesium supplementation significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure, while vitamin D supplementation lowered both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hypertension is a leading global modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Effective management of hypertension is crucial for public health.
  • Exploring complementary therapies for hypertension is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of calcium (Ca++), magnesium (Mg++), and vitamin D (Vit-D) supplementation in hypertension management.
  • To assess the impact of these supplements on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse rate.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of 6509 articles from major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL) up to October 2024.
  • Analysis of data from 24 selected studies focusing on blood pressure and pulse rate outcomes.
  • Data analyzed using Open Meta Analyst software.

Main Results:

  • Calcium (Ca++) supplementation showed a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure (DBP).
  • Magnesium (Mg++) supplementation significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP).
  • Vitamin D (Vit-D) supplementation significantly reduced both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).

Conclusions:

  • Calcium and magnesium effectively reduce diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive individuals.
  • Vitamin D supplementation demonstrates a significant blood pressure-lowering effect on both systolic and diastolic measures.
  • These mineral and vitamin supplements show potential as complementary therapies for hypertension.
Abstract

Keywords:
CalciumComplementary therapiesHypertensionMagnesiumPulse rateSupplementationVitamin D

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