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Phantom Tumor: A Diagnostic Challenge.

Rita Vilar da Mota¹, Sabina Azevedo², Patrícia Sobrosa³

¹Medicine, Hospital de Viana do Castelo, Unidade Local de Saúde do Alto Minho, Viana do Castelo, PRT.

|March 6, 2025

Summary

Phantom tumors are lung opacities caused by fluid buildup, often mistaken for cancer. Early diagnosis and diuretic treatment can resolve these reversible lung findings.

Keywords:

hypervolemia interlobar pleural effusion lung tumor phantom tumor pulmonary congestion radiological findings vanishing tumor

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Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Radiology
Internal Medicine

Background:

The vanishing or phantom tumor of the lung is an uncommon condition characterized by an interlobar pleural fluid collection.
This condition arises from pulmonary congestion, often linked to systemic diseases like heart failure or chronic kidney disease.

Observation:

Phantom tumors are diagnosed via chest X-ray, appearing as nodular opacities that mimic pulmonary tumors.
Two cases in elderly patients with heart failure and chronic kidney disease presented with these characteristic X-ray findings.

Findings:

The nodular opacities in both cases resolved following diuretic therapy and fluid management.
This highlights the reversible nature of phantom tumors when hypervolemia is treated.

Implications:

Early recognition and clinical correlation are crucial to differentiate phantom tumors from true pulmonary nodules.
Avoiding unnecessary invasive procedures and refining differential diagnoses are key benefits of timely detection.
Raising physician and radiologist awareness is vital for effective management of pulmonary congestion and associated phantom tumors.