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Temporal (phase and time) disparities in lateralization.

M Russolo, P Poli

    Audiology : Official Organ of the International Society of Audiology
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The just noticeable difference (JND) for 1000-Hz tones depends primarily on phase cues, not time differences, unless phase shifts are large. Clicks, however, rely solely on time cues for localization.

    Area of Science:

    • Auditory Neuroscience
    • Psychoacoustics
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Understanding auditory perception of spatial cues is crucial for fields like audiology and virtual reality.
    • Dichotic listening tasks investigate how the brain processes sound arriving at each ear to create a sense of sound location.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the factors influencing the just noticeable difference (JND) for lateralization of 1000-Hz tones and clicks.
    • To investigate the roles of phase, onset time, and delay differences in auditory lateralization.

    Main Methods:

    • Participants with normal hearing judged the lateral position of dichotic 1000-Hz tones and clicks.
    • Stimuli varied in interaural phase differences (IPD), onset time differences (IOD), and delay differences.
    • The JND was defined as the stimulus difference yielding 80% correct responses in a forced-choice task.

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    Main Results:

    • For 1000-Hz tones, interaural time differences had minimal impact on JND, indicating phase cues dominate lateralization.
    • With significant phase shifts (180, 270 degrees), interaural onset time differences became critical, overriding phase information.
    • The JND for clicks was solely determined by time cues.

    Conclusions:

    • Auditory lateralization of pure tones is primarily phase-dependent, with time cues playing a secondary role.
    • Significant phase disparities can alter the dominance of auditory cues, making onset time critical.
    • Clicks are localized based exclusively on temporal information.