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Systematic Screening for Tuberculosis Using Molecular Testing on Stool Samples in Acutely Malnourished Children: A

Joan Martínez-Campreciós1,2, Juan Espinosa-Pereiro1,2, Arlete Nindia3

  • 1Tropical Medicine and International Health Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, Vall Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|March 6, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Molecular testing on stool samples identified tuberculosis (TB) in 5.2% of malnourished children, even those without symptoms. This approach aids early TB diagnosis and treatment in vulnerable populations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Acutely malnourished children are at increased risk for tuberculosis (TB).
  • Early diagnosis of TB in this population is challenging due to non-specific symptoms.
  • Molecular testing offers a potential avenue for improved TB detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of systematic TB screening using molecular testing on stool samples in acutely malnourished children.
  • To determine the prevalence of TB in this cohort, including asymptomatic cases.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic screening of acutely malnourished children was performed.
  • Molecular testing was utilized on stool samples for TB detection.

Main Results:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) was detected in 5.2% of the screened children.
  • The screening identified TB cases that were not clinically apparent.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic molecular stool-based TB screening is a viable strategy for acutely malnourished children.
  • This method can enhance TB diagnosis and enable timely treatment initiation in this high-risk group.
  • Further research is needed to validate long-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness.

Keywords:
Xpert MTB/RIF ultraacute malnutritionstool samplessystematic screeningtuberculosis

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