Incomplete Kawasaki disease complicated by coronary aneurysm: a case report

Area of Science:

• Pediatric rheumatology
• Cardiovascular medicine
• Vascular inflammation

Background:

• Kawasaki disease is a vasculitis impacting medium-sized arteries, primarily coronary arteries, and is a major cause of acquired heart disease in children.
• Diagnosis is typically clinical, relying on prolonged fever and characteristic symptoms.
• Incomplete presentations can complicate diagnosis, increasing the risk of severe sequelae.

Observation:

• A 31-year-old male presented with angina symptoms.
• He had an unrecognized history of Kawasaki disease.
• Coronary artery aneurysms were identified on imaging.

Findings:

• The patient's unrecognized Kawasaki disease led to significant coronary artery aneurysms.
• Surgical intervention was required, including coronary artery bypass grafting.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering Kawasaki disease even in adults with atypical presentations.
• Timely diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki disease are critical to mitigate the risk of coronary artery aneurysm formation.
• Prompt management can prevent severe cardiovascular complications and improve long-term patient outcomes.