[Progressive outer retinal necrosis caused by varicella zoster virus]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Virology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Ophthalmic herpes zoster (HZO) is a significant cause of vision loss.
• Necrotizing herpetic retinopathies (NHRs), including progressive outer retinal necrosis (PORN), are rare VZV manifestations.
• Managing PORN is challenging due to its rarity and varied presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To consolidate current knowledge on the etiopathogenesis of PORN.
• To outline diagnostic features and clinical presentations of PORN.
• To summarize effective management strategies for PORN.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of 30 peer-reviewed articles.
• Literature search conducted between 2011 and 2019.
• Keywords included VZV, HZO, NHRs, and PORN.

Main Results:

• The review synthesizes information on PORN prevalence and clinical characteristics.
• Current understanding of VZV's role in PORN pathogenesis is presented.
• Management approaches for PORN are discussed.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of PORN requires a comprehensive understanding of its VZV etiology.
• Standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols are needed.
• Further research is essential to improve outcomes for patients with PORN.