Bringing Porous Framework Materials toward Photocatalytic H₂O₂ Production

Photocatalytic H₂O₂ production driven by renewable solar energy is a promising and sustainable approach, with porous framework materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) emerging as highly efficient catalysts. This Review first presents the current research state of porous framework materials in H₂O₂ photosynthesis, focusing on the progress in H₂O₂ production across different porous frameworks and mechanism insights gained through advanced techniques. Furthermore, a systematic categorization of material modifications aimed at enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency is provided, linking structural modifications to improved H₂O₂ production performance. Key factors such as charge carrier separation and transfer, reaction pathways, and material stability are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the challenges related to stability, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, are discussed alongside opportunities for future advancements. This Review aims to provide insights into understanding and optimizing porous framework materials for efficient and scalable H₂O₂ photosynthesis.