Novel Techniques in Antenatal Imaging of Spinal Dysraphisms

This review examines the imaging techniques for diagnosing spinal dysraphisms (SD), focusing on advancements in prenatal detection.

Prenatal ultrasound (US) is the first-line tool for detecting spinal dysraphisms, including myelomeningocele. While US is effective for early detection, it has limitations in fully characterizing defects, particularly due to factors like fetal positioning. To address these, advanced techniques such as 3D ultrasound and AI-driven algorithms have improved diagnostic accuracy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains critical for a comprehensive evaluation, providing detailed visualization of soft tissue anomalies and assessing lesion severity. Prenatal ultrasound is essential for initial screening but often complemented by MRI for a thorough diagnosis. Innovations in imaging technologies, including AI and 3D ultrasound, promise to enhance early detection and clinical management of spinal dysraphisms.