The Role of Sensory Impairments on Recovery and Rehabilitation After Stroke

The current review aims to address critical gaps in the field of stroke rehabilitation related to sensory impairment. Here, we examine the role and importance of sensation throughout recovery of neural injury, potential clinical and experimental approaches for improving sensory function, and mechanism-based theories that may facilitate the design of sensory-based approaches for the rehabilitation of somatosensation.

Recently, the field of neurorehabilitation has shifted to using more quantitative and sensitive measures to more accurately capture sensory function in stroke and other neurological populations. These approaches have laid the groundwork for understanding how sensory impairments impact overall function after stroke. However, there is less consensus on which interventions are effective for remediating sensory function, with approaches that vary from clinical re-training, robotics, and sensory stimulation interventions. Current evidence has found that sensory and motor systems are interdependent, but commonly have independent recovery trajectories after stroke. Therefore, it is imperative to assess somatosensory function in order to guide rehabilitation outcomes and trajectory. Overall, considerable work in the field still remains, as there is limited evidence for purported mechanisms of sensory recovery, promising early-stage work that focuses on sensory training, and a considerable evidence-practice gap related to clinical sensory rehabilitation.