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Related Concept Videos

Rolling With Slipping01:14

Rolling With Slipping

4.8K
Rolling with slipping is a physical phenomenon that occurs when a rolling object experiences both rotational and linear motion but also experiences frictional forces that cause slipping. This phenomenon can occur in various situations, such as when a tire rolls on a wet road or a ball rolls on a rough surface.
An object's rolling motion is characterized by its rotation around its axis, while linear motion refers to the object's translational motion along a surface. Frictional forces can...
4.8K
Static and Kinetic Frictional Force01:05

Static and Kinetic Frictional Force

15.5K
One of the simpler characteristics of sliding friction is that it is parallel to the contact surfaces between systems, and is always in a direction that opposes the motion or attempted motion of the systems relative to each other. If two systems are in contact and moving relative to one another, then the friction between them is called kinetic friction. For example, kinetic friction slows a hockey puck sliding on ice.
However, if two systems are in contact and are stationary relative to one...
15.5K
Characteristics of Dry Friction01:21

Characteristics of Dry Friction

448
Dry friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide against each other without any lubrication or fluid present. It causes resistance when pushing objects along a surface, like a gardener pushing a wheelbarrow. The force applied to move the cart causes dry friction between the wheel and the ground.
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
448
Rolling Without Slipping01:09

Rolling Without Slipping

3.5K
People have observed the rolling motion without slipping ever since the invention of the wheel. For example, one can look at the interaction between a car's tires and the surface of the road. If the driver presses the accelerator to the floor so that the tires spin without the car moving forward, there must be kinetic friction between the wheels and the road's surface. If the driver slowly presses the accelerator, causing the car to move forward, the tires roll without slipping. It is...
3.5K
Equation of Motion: General Plane motion - Problem Solving01:16

Equation of Motion: General Plane motion - Problem Solving

166
Consider a lawn roller with a mass of 100 kg, a radius of 0.2 meters, and a radius of gyration of 0.15 meters. A force of 200 N is applied to this roller, angled at 60 degrees from the horizontal plane. What will be the angular acceleration of the lawn roller?
The friction between the roller and the ground is characterized by two coefficients. The static friction coefficient is 0.15, while the kinetic friction coefficient is 0.1. These values are crucial in understanding the interaction between...
166
Rolling Resistance01:21

Rolling Resistance

248
When a solid cylinder rolls steadily on a rigid surface, the normal force applied by the surface on the cylinder is perpendicular to the tangent at the contact point. However, since no materials are entirely rigid, the surface's reaction to the cylinder involves a range of normal pressures.
For instance, imagine a hard cylinder rolling on a comparatively soft surface. The cylinder's weight compresses the surface beneath it. As the cylinder moves, the material in front of it slows down...
248

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2025

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
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Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

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Characterizing sliding and rolling contacts between single particles.

Simon Scherrer1, Shivaprakash N Ramakrishna1, Vincent Niggel1

  • 1Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Particle contacts in suspensions are key to their flow properties. This study reveals how roughness and adhesion microscopically influence friction and particle motion, offering new ways to control material behavior.

Keywords:
dense suspensionslateral force microscopyrolling frictionshear thickeningsliding friction

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Area of Science:

  • Rheology
  • Colloidal science
  • Tribology

Background:

  • Particle contacts govern the rheology of dense, sheared suspensions.
  • Microscopic understanding of how roughness and adhesion affect force transmission in contacts is limited.
  • Previous studies lack direct experimental measurement of friction coefficients at the particle contact level.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the microscopic mechanisms of force transmission and relative motion at particle contacts.
  • To simultaneously measure normal and tangential forces, sliding, and rolling friction between tailored surfaces and microparticles.
  • To elucidate the role of surface roughness and adhesion in dictating particle contact dynamics and rheological properties.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of an innovative colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy technique.
  • Simultaneous measurement of normal and tangential forces during particle-surface interactions.
  • Tracking of relative sliding and rolling motion to determine coefficients of friction.

Main Results:

  • Particles spontaneously roll when traction is sufficient, reducing energy dissipation and prolonging contact duration.
  • Friction significantly increases for rough and adhesive surfaces when rolling is hindered.
  • Smooth particles with polymer brushes exhibit well-lubricated contacts, minimizing friction.
  • Surface roughness promotes load-dependent asperity interlocking, inducing off-axis particle rotations and rolling.
  • Smooth, adhesive surfaces lead to rolling along the principal axis of motion.

Conclusions:

  • Direct measurement of sliding and rolling friction coefficients is achieved.
  • Understanding of how surface properties influence particle contact mechanics and rheology is advanced.
  • Results provide crucial data for numerical simulations and offer insights into discontinuous shear thickening.
  • Potential for tailoring suspension rheology through engineered surface contacts is demonstrated.