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A unified and multi-scale Source: Pathway Priority Index for diffuse pollution management.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a national workflow to identify critical source areas for diffuse pollution, focusing on phosphorus transfers from agriculture. The developed Source:Pressure Priority Index (SPPI) effectively prioritizes mitigation efforts for better water quality management.

Keywords:
Critical source areaDiffuse pollutionPhosphorus

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Water Resource Management
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Diffuse pollution, especially phosphorus (P) from agriculture, is a global challenge.
  • Effective management requires identifying critical source areas (CSAs) that combine source and pathway pressures.
  • Current methods lack national-scale applicability due to data needs and methodological inconsistencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a unique, transferable national workflow for identifying and prioritizing CSAs.
  • To create a robust tool for diffuse pollution risk assessment and management at multiple scales.
  • To aid in the effective allocation of mitigation resources for improved water quality.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized macro-scale (basin) water quality data (soluble reactive P-SRP) for initial pressure indication.
  • Employed a validated relationship between river SRP and soil test phosphorus (STP-Olsen P) at meso-scale catchments, incorporating ammonium data for point sources.
  • Developed a high-resolution Source:Pressure Priority Index (SPPI) using STP and a LiDAR-derived soil topographic index (STI) at micro-scale catchments.

Main Results:

  • A multi-scale national workflow was successfully implemented, enabling prioritization of CSAs.
  • The SPPI was developed as a dimensionless index, allowing flexible weighting of source and pathway pressures.
  • Exemplar outputs demonstrate the tool's capability in targeting mitigation resources effectively.

Conclusions:

  • The SPPI offers a more robust approach to diffuse pollution management by integrating source and pathway pressures.
  • This method facilitates a faster route to diffuse pollution reduction and enhances resilience in a changing climate.
  • The workflow provides a transferable solution for national-scale landscape targeting and water quality improvement.