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Training and Assessment of Nontechnical Skills in Cardiothoracic Surgery: Current Literature Review
Chinedu C Okoli1, Obieze C Nwanna-Nzewunwa2, Scott Buchanan3
1Division of General Surgery, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine.
Background:
This review explores the surgical and psychological literature on cardiothoracic (CT) surgeons' intraoperative nontechnical skills (NTS). Successful task performance depends on the seamless integration of technical skills (TS) and NTS. This paper aims to identify the training and assessment modalities for NTS in cardiothoracic surgery (CTS).
Methods:
PubMed, Cochrane Library, BioMed Central, Medline, EDINA BIOSIS, Web-of-Knowledge, PsychINFO, and ScienceDirect were searched through to December 2023. Additionally, a manual search of the referenced work of each included article and relevant reviews in PubMed were performed to avoid missing any important data. Original research articles were included if they described NTS training modalities and their assessment in cardiac or thoracic surgeries. Exclusion criteria included any study without full-text availability, non-peer-reviewed publications, studies without extractable data, and duplicates. Retrieved articles were screened, and data extracted in duplicate by 2 independent reviewers.
Results:
The literature search found 371 relevant references related to cardiothoracic surgery, 17 articles were included in this literature review, and 12 training tools were identified.
Conclusions:
This review demonstrates the need for additional work to create reliable training and assessment methods for NTS in CTS.
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