Dasatinib and Quercetin Mitigate Age-Related Alveolar Bone Inflammaging and Neutrophil Infiltration

Age-related alveolar bone resorption poses a major dental health challenge, yet its mechanisms and treatments are poorly understood. This study investigates the impact of dasatinib and quercetin (D + Q) treatment on senescent cells (SnCs), senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and neutrophil infiltration in aged alveolar bone, aiming to develop new strategies for combating age-related bone resorption.

C57BL/6 mice (2 and 18 months) were used to examine alveolar bone resorption, inflammaging, and neutrophil infiltration. Aged mice received D + Q treatment to assess therapeutic effects. Key measurements included cementoenamel junction to the alveolar bone crest (CEJ-ABC) distance, periodontal ligament (PDL) thickness, osteometabolism markers, SnCs accumulation, SASP expression, and neutrophil infiltration.

Aged alveolar bone showed increased CEJ-ABC distance, atrophied periodontal ligament, and unbalanced osteometabolism, along with elevated SnCs, SASP, and neutrophils compared to young controls. D + Q treatment improved these conditions by reducing CEJ-ABC distance, enhancing periodontal ligament health, and boosting bone metabolism. It also lowered the expression of SnCs, SASP, and neutrophil markers.

D + Q treatment effectively mitigates alveolar bone aging by clearing SnCs, lowering SASP levels, and reducing neutrophil aggregation, presenting a novel approach for age-related bone resorption.