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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

341
Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

Surface Electromyographic Biofeedback as a Rehabilitation Tool for Patients with Global Brachial Plexus Injury Receiving Bionic Reconstruction
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Phantom limb experience after brachial plexus anaesthesia.

Apolline Savarit1,2, Violeta Pellicer Morata1, Daniel Ma3,4

  • 1Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Brain Communications
|March 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phantom limb sensations (PLS) rapidly emerge after brachial plexus anesthesia (BPA)-induced temporary deafferentation. This study models PLS in amputees, revealing sensations precede proprioception changes.

Keywords:
brachial plexus anaesthesiacortical reorganizationneural plasticityphantom limb painphantom limb sensations

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Surgical Anesthesia
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Phantom limb sensations (PLS) and phantom limb pain (PLP) affect millions of amputees, significantly impacting quality of life.
  • Hand-to-face remapping in some upper extremity amputees suggests cortical reorganization following injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the time course of phantom limb sensations (PLS) after brachial plexus anesthesia (BPA) in participants undergoing upper limb surgery.
  • To investigate potential cortical reorganization (hand-to-face remapping) and changes in proprioception following BPA.

Main Methods:

  • 39 participants undergoing planned shoulder, wrist, or hand surgery were monitored for PLS and altered proprioception (AP) up to 24 hours post-BPA.
  • Participants' limbs were intact; hand-to-face remapping was assessed via evoked responses.

Main Results:

  • 54% of participants reported immediate PLS after BPA onset.
  • 72% experienced altered proprioception after surgery.
  • Neither PLP nor hand-to-face remapping was observed or evoked in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • PLS emerge rapidly following BPA-induced temporary deafferentation, serving as a potential model for permanent deafferentation in amputees.
  • The study establishes a time course for sensory changes after BPA, enhancing understanding of phantom limb phenomena origins.