Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

Removal of Trace Elements by Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles from Uranium In Situ Recovery Bleed Water and Its Effect on Cell Viability
09:23

Removal of Trace Elements by Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles from Uranium In Situ Recovery Bleed Water and Its Effect on Cell Viability

Published on: June 21, 2015

9.7K

Hepatotoxicity induced by arsenic trioxide: clinical features, mechanisms, preventive and potential therapeutic

Jun Wen1, Aiwen Li1, Ziliang Wang1

  • 1Department of Haematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|March 7, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is effective for acute promyelocytic leukemia but can cause liver damage. This review explores ATO hepatotoxicity, its management, and future therapeutic strategies for broader clinical use.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Arsenic trioxide (ATO) demonstrates significant efficacy in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia.
  • Increasing investigation into ATO for other cancers broadens its clinical application.
  • ATO-induced hepatotoxicity presents a significant challenge, limiting patient treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical features, mechanisms, and prevention of arsenic trioxide hepatotoxicity.
  • To explore current and future therapeutic strategies for managing ATO-induced liver injury.
  • To provide guidance for the safe clinical utilization of ATO.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical features and mechanisms of ATO hepatotoxicity.
  • Analysis of existing pharmacological treatments for drug-induced liver injury.
  • Exploration of novel therapeutic agents, including small molecule extracts, trace elements, antidiabetic drugs, and vitamins.

Main Results:

  • ATO hepatotoxicity presents with diverse clinical manifestations.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of ATO-induced liver injury is crucial for prevention and treatment.
  • A range of therapeutic approaches, from established drugs to novel agents, show promise.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of ATO hepatotoxicity is essential for expanding its therapeutic applications.
  • Future research should focus on validating novel agents for preventing and treating liver injury.
  • This review offers a comprehensive outlook on mitigating ATO-related toxicities in clinical practice.
Keywords:
acute promyelocytic leukemiaarsenic trioxidehepatotoxicitynatural small molecule extractsreactive oxygen species

More Related Videos

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube06:12

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube

Published on: April 28, 2020

11.2K
An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis00:06

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis

Published on: September 12, 2019

8.8K

Related Concept Videos

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
777
Enhanced Elimination of Poison01:26

Enhanced Elimination of Poison

Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
468
Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment01:26

Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment

Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.     
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
772
Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

Toxic Reactions: Overview

When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
921
Antidotes01:17

Antidotes

Antidotes are medicinal substances used to counteract the harmful effects of toxins or drugs in the body. They function in various ways, each uniquely designed to combat specific toxic compounds.
Specific antidotes operate by inhibiting the enzymes that control biochemical pathways, reducing the production of harmful metabolites.
An example of an antidote is atropine, which counteracts the detrimental effects of cholinesterase inhibitors. It achieves this by deactivating muscarinic receptors,...
603
Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbon-Containing Systems01:19

Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbon-Containing Systems

Phase I biotransformation reactions are integral to drug metabolism, predominantly involving oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic transformations. Chief among these are oxidative reactions, which enhance the hydrophilicity of xenobiotics and introduce polar functional groups to facilitate their elimination from the body.
Oxidation reactions are fundamental in aromatic carbon-containing systems. An example is the hydroxylation of phenobarbital, a process that transforms it into...
128