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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and metabolic engineering
  • Sustainable chemistry
  • Industrial microbiology

Background:

  • Indigoidine is a valuable bio-based molecule with applications in dyes, electronics, and food.
  • Current production methods lack clear guidance on optimal microbial hosts and carbon sources for commercial viability.
  • Limited understanding of techno-economic and lifecycle impacts hinders large-scale indigoidine production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the commercial potential of different microbial hosts for indigoidine production.
  • To assess the techno-economic feasibility and environmental footprint of indigoidine manufacturing.
  • To identify key factors for optimizing indigoidine production towards commercial viability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genome-scale metabolic models for five different microbial hosts.
  • Integrated techno-economic assessment (TEA) and lifecycle assessment (LCA) models.
  • Analyzed production using glucose, xylose, and lignin-derived aromatic carbon sources.

Main Results:

  • Pseudomonas putida demonstrated superior performance compared to other hosts and synthetic indigo production.
  • Indigoidine production by P. putida achieved a minimum selling price of $2.9/kg with a GHG footprint of 3.5 kgCO2e/kg.
  • Pathway optimization to 90% theoretical yield could reduce costs 6-7 fold and GHG emissions 3-10 fold.

Conclusions:

  • P. putida is a promising host for cost-effective and sustainable indigoidine production.
  • Co-utilization of aromatics and production of co-value-added molecules enhance economic and environmental performance.
  • System-wide improvements and sustainable nitrogen sources are critical for commercializing indigoidine production.