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Trends in Complications of Pediatric Rhinosinusitis Before and During the COVID-19 Era

Amrita N Bhat1, Johnny Wang1, Anna Yang1

  • 1Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|March 7, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The incidence of pediatric complicated sinusitis increased post-COVID-19, with more intracranial complications and Streptococcus anginosus infections observed. These trends highlight evolving sinusitis patterns during the pandemic.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted various aspects of healthcare, including trends in infectious diseases.
  • Understanding changes in pediatric complicated rhinosinusitis is crucial for adapting clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the shifts in incidence and characteristics of pediatric complicated rhinosinusitis.
  • To analyze these changes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single tertiary-care center.
  • Data from 83 pediatric patients with complicated rhinosinusitis between 2017 and 2022 were analyzed.
  • Patient data were compared before and after March 2020, correlating with the COVID-19 pandemic onset.

Main Results:

  • While demographic variables showed no significant differences, the COVID-19 era group had more patients with developmental comorbidities (P=.049).
  • Trends towards increased intracranial complications and Pott's puffy tumor were noted in the COVID-19 era, though not statistically significant.
  • A significant increase in Streptococcus anginosus growth in surgical cultures was observed in the COVID-19 group (P=.03).
  • The incidence of complicated sinusitis correlated with viral case incidence, increasing notably in 2021 and 2022 post-COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric complicated sinusitis trends have changed since the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • The COVID-19 era saw an increase in sinusitis complications attributed to S. anginosus, with a trend toward more intracranial involvement.
  • Following an initial decline, the annual incidence of complicated sinusitis has risen post-pandemic.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID‐19complicated sinusitispediatric otolaryngologyseasonal variation

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