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Navigating Choices: Pregnancy Options Counseling Experiences in Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder.

Blythe Bynum, Katherine M Mahoney, Tachianna Griffiths

    Journal of Addiction Medicine
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    Summary

    Pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) need unbiased counseling on all pregnancy options. Addiction medicine providers should offer nonjudgmental support and referrals for parenting, adoption, or abortion to improve decision-making.

    Keywords:
    counselingopioid use disorderspregnancyqualitative

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    Area of Science:

    • Addiction Medicine
    • Reproductive Health
    • Maternal Health

    Background:

    • Individuals with childbearing potential and opioid use disorder (OUD) experience high rates of unintended pregnancies.
    • Addiction medicine providers are crucial for diagnosing and counseling pregnant patients with OUD.
    • Current guidelines for pregnancy options counseling in OUD treatment settings are lacking.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the experiences of individuals receiving pregnancy options counseling within OUD treatment clinics.
    • To identify facilitators and barriers to effective pregnancy counseling for patients with OUD.
    • To inform the development of patient-centered counseling strategies.

    Main Methods:

    • Semistructured interviews were conducted with 18 participants who became pregnant during OUD treatment.
    • Interviews explored interactions with healthcare, counseling provision, and decision-making factors.
    • Data were analyzed using a P3 framework (practice, provider, patient) and thematic analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Participants emphasized the importance of nonjudgmental communication and unbiased information regarding OUD's impact on pregnancy options.
    • Patients valued trustworthy information on parenting, adoption, and abortion.
    • Unique stigma and bias experienced by pregnant individuals with OUD were identified.

    Conclusions:

    • Pregnancy options counseling (parenting, adoption, abortion) and referrals should be integrated into OUD treatment centers.
    • Counseling must be unbiased, nonjudgmental, and patient-centered.
    • Findings can guide the development of improved counseling protocols for OUD treatment settings.