Current insights into drug-coated balloons for peripheral arterial disease
Antonio Micari1, Antonino Micari1, Vittorio Virga1
1Cardiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Insights
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) management includes prevention and early diagnosis. For symptomatic PAD, revascularization, particularly with drug-coated balloons, offers effective treatment options, improving outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Medicine
- Interventional Cardiology
- Atherosclerosis Research
Background:
- Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a systemic atherosclerosis manifestation.
- PAD increases risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death.
- Cardiovascular prevention and early diagnosis are crucial for managing PAD progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of drug-coated balloons in treating peripheral artery disease.
- To discuss advancements in endovascular interventions for PAD.
- To highlight the efficacy and safety of drug-coated balloons in peripheral lesions.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on PAD treatments.
- Analysis of clinical trials on drug-coated balloons.
- Discussion of historical and modern interventional approaches for PAD.
Main Results:
- Drug-coated balloons are a cornerstone for treating peripheral lesions in PAD.
- Endovascular treatment is often the first-line intervention for PAD.
- Multiple trials support the efficacy and safety of drug-coated balloons.
Conclusions:
- Revascularization is essential for symptomatic PAD.
- Advancements like sirolimus-eluting balloons promise improved angioplasty outcomes.
- Drug-coated balloons represent a significant advancement in PAD treatment.
Introduction:
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis. It is often associated with coronary and/or cerebral vascular involvement, leading to a higher risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, among which myocardial infarction, stroke, and death. Cardiovascular prevention has proven effective in reducing the progression of the disease and early diagnosis leads to more rapid initiation of medical therapy. However, revascularization of the diseased segment represents the only solution in the manifest and symptomatic forms of the disease.
Areas Covered:
Surgical treatment has historically represented the first treatment of PAD, which consists in the creation of bypasses excluding the obstructed segment. Nowadays, endovascular treatment represents in many cases the first line of intervention. Drug-coated balloons are a cornerstone solution for the treatment of peripheral lesions and are supported by multiple trials demonstrating their efficacy and safety.
Expert Opinion:
New devices, such as sirolimus-eluting balloons, and also new eluting technologies will further improve the efficacy and the results of peripheral angioplasty. In the next years, we will experience the routinary use of new techniques currently under study. In this review, we will discuss the role of drug-coated balloons in the treatment of PAD.
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