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Assessing Autonomic Dysfunction in Diabetes: A Hospital-based Study in a Developing Country
Khalid A Dafalla1, Azza O Alawad2, Tarig Hakim Merghani3
1Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, UAE.
Annals of African Medicine
|March 7, 2025
Summary
Autonomic nervous system dysfunction is common in diabetic patients in Sudan, affecting nearly 90%. Early diagnosis and management of these complications are crucial for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Neurology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is a frequent complication in diabetes mellitus.
- It can lead to significant morbidity across various organ systems.
- This study investigated ANS dysfunction in Sudanese diabetic patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
- To assess autonomic function in diabetic patients attending Wad Madani Teaching Hospital, Sudan.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional, hospital-based study of 100 diabetic patients.
- Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected.
- Autonomic function assessed using heart rate variability, blood pressure response to standing, and deep breathing tests.
Main Results:
- 89% of participants exhibited some degree of autonomic dysfunction.
- Poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%) was present in 77% of patients.
- Abnormalities were noted in heart rate variability (56%) and blood pressure response to standing (19%).
Conclusions:
- Autonomic dysfunction, particularly parasympathetic and sympathetic, is highly prevalent in this diabetic population.
- Early detection and management of autonomic complications are essential.
- Improving outcomes and quality of life for diabetic patients requires addressing ANS dysfunction.
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