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Interfacial metal-coordinated bifunctional PtCo for practical fuel cells.

Zhongliang Huang1, Qi Xiao2, Tianyi Ding1

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This study introduces a new platinum-cobalt catalyst on a tin-nitrogen-carbon support, significantly improving CO tolerance and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). This breakthrough enables fuel cells to use CO-contaminated hydrogen fuel efficiently.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Platinum (Pt) is a key catalyst in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).
  • Pt catalysts suffer from poor carbon monoxide (CO) tolerance and slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics, especially with contaminated H2.
  • This limits the use of readily available H2 sources like blue and gray hydrogen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel catalyst with enhanced CO tolerance and ORR activity for PEMFCs.
  • To enable the direct utilization of CO-contaminated hydrogen in fuel cells.
  • To improve the overall performance and durability of PEMFCs.

Main Methods:

  • An interfacial metal coordination strategy was employed.
  • A bifunctional platinum-cobalt (PtCo) intermetallic catalyst was designed.
  • The catalyst was integrated with a tin-nitrogen-carbon (Sn-N-C) support, forming Pt-Sn-N bonds.

Main Results:

  • The PtCo/Sn-N-C catalyst demonstrated significantly boosted ORR activity and CO tolerance.
  • The fuel cell achieved a peak power density of 2.11 W/cm² in 100 ppm CO/H2.
  • Stable operation exceeding 710 hours was observed under 100 ppm CO/H2-air conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PtCo/Sn-N-C catalyst effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional Pt catalysts.
  • This innovation validates the feasibility of using CO-contaminated hydrogen in PEMFCs.
  • The findings pave the way for cost-effective PEMFC applications in energy vehicles.