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Identifying Key Principles and Commonalities in Digital Serious Game Design Frameworks: Scoping Review.

Raluca Ionela Maxim¹, Joan Arnedo-Moreno¹

¹Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.

JMIR Serious Games

|March 7, 2025

Summary

This review synthesizes digital serious game design frameworks (DSGDFWs) to enhance game effectiveness for learning and behavior change. A 4-phase process is proposed, offering guidelines for creating impactful serious games.

Keywords:

artificial intelligence design principles empathic design thinking entertainment game design frameworks serious game design frameworks

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Area of Science:

Game Design
Human-Computer Interaction
Educational Technology

Background:

Digital serious games (DSGs) offer potential for learning and behavior change.
DSG effectiveness is contingent on design quality.
Design frameworks guide the creation of impactful DSGs for education, health, and social purposes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review, analyze, and synthesize literature on digital entertainment and DSG design frameworks.
To identify design principles, commonalities, dependencies, gaps, and opportunities in DSGDFWs.
To propose a synthesized 4-phase design process for creating effective DSGs.

Main Methods:

A 2-phase methodology: scoping literature review and cluster analysis.
Searched 7 databases adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
Included papers evaluating digital game design frameworks; cluster analysis categorized data.

Main Results:

47 papers yielded 47 frameworks (16 entertainment, 31 DSGDFWs).
Thematic analysis revealed patterns, commonalities, dependencies, and gaps.
Identified opportunities for empathic design and AI integration, culminating in a 4-phase design baseline.

Conclusions:

DSGDFWs enhance serious game effectiveness for learning, behavior change, and social impact.
Limitations stem from context-specific constraints in DSG development and deployment.
Future work should refine frameworks, adapt them to diverse contexts, and integrate emerging technologies.