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Miscellaneous salt management based on saline-microbial interaction mechanisms: Technology salt reduction strategies
Xiong Ke1, Heng Zhang1, Xiaoqian Cheng1
1School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
Journal of Environmental Management
|March 8, 2025
Summary
Salinity fluctuations impact microbial pollutant degradation in wastewater treatment. An aerobic process (oxic - hydrolytic & heterotrophic denitrification - oxic) shows greater resilience to salt stress, enabling effective technology salt reduction.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Microbiology
- Water Treatment Engineering
- Industrial Wastewater Management
Background:
- Salinity significantly affects microbial pollutant degradation in water treatment.
- Limited research exists on salinity-microbial interactions in industrial wastewater.
- Coking wastewater treatment presents a relevant case study for this investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the relationship between salinity, microbial communities, and pollutant removal in coking wastewater.
- To propose and validate a technology salt reduction strategy.
- To understand microbial community dynamics under varying salinity conditions.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of pollutant co-removal during wastewater treatment.
- Monitoring microbial community responses (Ottowia/Diaphorobacter, Alicycliphilus/Pseudomonas, Nitrosomonas/Nitrospira) to salinity changes.
- Assessing microbial system stability and migration rates in aerobic vs. anaerobic/anoxic units.
- Utilizing the Beta Nearest Taxon Index to evaluate microbial community assembly in the oxic-hydrolytic & heterotrophic denitrification-oxic (OHO) process.
Main Results:
- Pollutant co-removal was observed.
- Salinity changes initially impacted denitrifying and phosphorus-removing microbes.
- Aerobic units demonstrated higher adaptability (R² = 0.8214) to salt stress than anaerobic/anoxic units (R² = 0.2129).
- The OHO process showed resilience to salinity fluctuations due to stochastic microbial assembly.
- Salinity increase affected nitrogen removal pathways: nitrification > DNR > denitrification > anaerobic ammoxidation.
Conclusions:
- The OHO process enhances microbial community resilience to salinity variations in wastewater treatment.
- A technology salt reduction strategy, implemented via the A-OHO process, is scientifically validated.
- Microbial salt reduction functions are crucial for optimizing industrial wastewater treatment technologies.
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