Microemulsion-based formulation of enterocin CC2: a novel antimicrobial solution targeting Streptococcus mutans

Area of Science:

• Oral microbiology and nanotechnology
• Antimicrobial drug development

Background:

• Dental caries, caused by Streptococcus mutans, presents a global health issue.
• Existing treatments face challenges with antimicrobial resistance and efficacy.
• Enterocin CC2 shows potential but requires improved stability and delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a microemulsion for enhanced enterocin CC2 stability and efficacy against S. mutans.
• To optimize a formulation for improved bioavailability and antimicrobial potency.
• To evaluate the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of the novel formulation.

Main Methods:

• Screened 124 formulations for thermodynamic stability, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant potential.
• Optimized formulation characterized for droplet size, stability, and antimicrobial activity.
• Compared efficacy against S. mutans with chlorhexidine and nisin.

Main Results:

• Optimized microemulsion (0.5 mg/mL enterocin CC2) showed nano-sized droplets (88.50-92.10 nm).
• Significantly reduced S. mutans eradication time from 8h to 5h, outperforming chlorhexidine and nisin.
• Demonstrated excellent thermodynamic stability and retained activity for six weeks without cytotoxicity.

Conclusions:

• A novel microemulsion formulation effectively enhances enterocin CC2's stability and antimicrobial action.
• This innovation offers a promising, rapid, and safe alternative for managing S. mutans-driven dental caries.
• Represents a significant advancement in oral health management and next-generation antimicrobial therapies.