Retinal vasculitis associated with intravitreal bevacizumab injection: A case report

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Retinal Diseases
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents are standard treatment for macular edema secondary to retinal venous occlusions.
• While generally safe, rare adverse effects have been documented.

Observation:

• A 72-year-old woman experienced sudden vision loss due to macular edema from central vein occlusion.
• Initial treatment with bevacizumab resulted in a mild inflammatory response, managed with topical steroids.
• Recurrence of macular edema led to a second bevacizumab dose, causing a severe inflammatory reaction.

Findings:

• The patient developed retinal vasculitis following bevacizumab treatment.
• Systemic vasculitis and infections were excluded as causes.
• Switching to aflibercept resolved the macular edema without further adverse events.

Implications:

• Bevacizumab can induce retinal vasculitis, a rare but significant adverse effect.
• Close monitoring for inflammatory complications is crucial during anti-VEGF therapy.
• Aflibercept may be a safer alternative in patients experiencing severe inflammatory reactions to bevacizumab.