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Cleavage and Blastulation

Cleavage and Blastulation

After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.

Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation

Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation

The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...

Gastrulation

Gastrulation

Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

Adult Mouse Digit Amputation and Regeneration: A Simple Model to Investigate Mammalian Blastema Formation and Intramembranous Ossification

Adult Mouse Digit Amputation and Regeneration: A Simple Model to Investigate Mammalian Blastema Formation and Intramembranous Ossification

Published on: July 12, 2019

Mammalian Blastema: Possibility and Potentials.

Juhyeon Nam^1,2, Byungkuk Min¹, Areum Baek^1,3

¹Center for Gene and Cell therapy, Korea Research Institute Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea.

International Journal of Stem Cells

|March 9, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mammals may regenerate tissues by temporarily expressing Yamanaka factors (YFs) to form blastema-like cells, similar to amphibians. This research explores interspecies regeneration differences and partial reprogramming potential.

Keywords:

Blastema Cellular reprogramming Intermediate cells Pluripotency factor Regeneration

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Last Updated: May 23, 2025

Adult Mouse Digit Amputation and Regeneration: A Simple Model to Investigate Mammalian Blastema Formation and Intramembranous Ossification

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Published on: January 26, 2013

Area of Science:

Regenerative biology
Developmental biology
Stem cell science

Background:

Regeneration restores tissue structure and function, varying widely across species.
Amphibians and fish regenerate extensively via blastema formation, a mass of reprogrammed cells.
Mammalian regeneration is limited, though blastema-like cells appear in specific cases like digit regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

To review blastema characteristics and interspecies regeneration differences.
To explore partial reprogramming using Yamanaka factors (YFs).
To investigate the potential for inducing mammalian blastema-like cells via YF expression.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of blastema formation across species.
Review of studies on Yamanaka factor-mediated partial reprogramming.
Examination of similarities between blastema formation and cellular reprogramming.

Main Results:

Blastema formation involves temporary Yamanaka factor (YF) expression, crucial for reprogramming.
Partial reprogramming using YFs is a potential alternative to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Blastema-like cells were observed in mammalian reprogramming experiments involving YFs.

Conclusions:

Interspecies differences in regeneration are significant.
Temporary YF expression is a common mechanism in regeneration and reprogramming.
Inducing blastema-like cells in mammals via YF expression warrants further investigation for regenerative therapies.