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Using the K-Means Node Clustering Method and ROC Curve Analysis to Define Cut-Off Scores for the Caregiving System

Daiana Colledani1, Mario Mikulincer2, Phillip R Shaver3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

International Journal of Psychology : Journal International De Psychologie
|March 10, 2025
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Summary

Researchers established cut-off scores for the Caregiving System Scale (CSS) using clustering and ROC analysis. This method identifies distinct caregiving profiles and their links to attachment styles, even without gold-standard measures.

Keywords:
CSSK‐means nodeROC curvescaregiving profilescut‐off scores

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Gerontology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • The Caregiving System Scale (CSS) is a tool used to assess caregiving dynamics.
  • Establishing reliable cut-off scores is crucial for accurately interpreting CSS subscale results.
  • Previous research has lacked a standardized method for deriving these cut-off scores, especially when gold-standard measures are unavailable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish validated cut-off scores for the subscales of the Caregiving System Scale (CSS).
  • To identify distinct caregiving profiles within Italian adult populations.
  • To explore the relationship between identified caregiving profiles and attachment orientations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized K-means node clustering and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses on a sample of 682 Italian adults.
  • Calculated cut-off scores to classify participants into identified caregiving profiles.
  • Validated findings using a second sample (N=227) that completed the CSS and the Attachment Style Questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct caregiving profiles were identified using the CSS.
  • Validated cut-off scores were successfully calculated for classifying individuals into these profiles.
  • Significant associations were found between the identified CSS profiles and various attachment orientations.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully established cut-off scores for the CSS, enabling more precise classification of caregiving styles.
  • The findings confirm the existence of unique caregiving profiles and their meaningful connection to attachment styles.
  • This research provides a practical methodology for determining scale cut-off scores in the absence of traditional gold-standard measures, enhancing the utility of the CSS.