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Related Concept Videos

Tissue Homogenization and Cell Lysis01:32

Tissue Homogenization and Cell Lysis

Tissue homogenization involves disintegrating tissue architecture and lysing cells, and is an early step in isolating and analyzing cellular components. The method used for homogenization depends on the sample type, the amount of sample available, the analyte to be obtained, and the sensitivity of the method. These methods are broadly classified as mechanical and non-mechanical methods.
Mechanical methods of tissue homogenization
These methods rely on applying external physical force to disrupt...

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A Novel Stretching Platform for Applications in Cell and Tissue Mechanobiology
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The TissueTractor: A Device for Applying Large Strains to Tissues and Cells for Simultaneous High-Resolution Live

Jing Yang1, Emily Hearty1, Yingli Wang1

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.

Small Methods
|March 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed the TissueTractor, a novel system for applying high mechanical strain to live tissues. This tool allows detailed imaging to study how cells respond to mechanical forces, aiding in understanding tissue development and disease.

Keywords:
cytoskeletal remodelinghigh‐resolution microscopylive‐cell imagingmechanosensorsmechanotransductiontissue stretchers

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Mechanical strain significantly impacts tissue development, function, and disease progression.
  • Understanding cellular responses to mechanical forces (mechanotransduction) is vital for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
  • Current methods for applying strain to live tissues have limitations in magnitude, duration, and imaging capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel high-strain stretcher system, the TissueTractor, for live cell and tissue imaging.
  • To enable precise application and spatiotemporal observation of mechanical strain (0-100%+) on biological samples.
  • To investigate cellular and subcellular responses to significant mechanical forces in various tissue models.

Main Methods:

  • Development and utilization of the TissueTractor system for controlled mechanical strain application.
  • High-resolution spatiotemporal imaging of live cells and organotypic explants under varying strain conditions.
  • Application of the system to Xenopus laevis embryonic explants, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes.

Main Results:

  • The TissueTractor successfully applied strains exceeding 100% to live tissues while enabling high-resolution imaging.
  • Analysis of Xenopus embryos revealed cellular strain heterogeneity and keratin filament remodeling under tension.
  • Distinct morphological changes were observed in endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes subjected to significant mechanical strain.

Conclusions:

  • The TissueTractor is a versatile tool for studying the effects of substantial mechanical strain on diverse cell and tissue types.
  • This system facilitates the investigation of mechanotransduction pathways crucial for tissue dynamics and morphogenesis.
  • The findings highlight the importance of mechanical cues in regulating cellular behavior and tissue development.