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Time-Reversal Symmetry-Protected Coherent Control of Ultracold Molecular Collisions.

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Time-reversal symmetry enables precise control over atomic and molecular collisions by preparing particles in specific quantum states. This method overcomes challenges in complex dynamics, allowing robust control of scattering outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum dynamics
  • Atomic and molecular physics
  • Chemical reaction control

Background:

  • Coherent control of scattering requires preparing particles in quantum state superpositions.
  • Complex dynamics and incoherent addition of partial waves limit control over scattering outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate how time-reversal symmetry can overcome limitations in coherent control of scattering.
  • To explore the robustness of control against dynamical complexity and energy distributions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing time-reversal symmetry to constrain S-matrix elements.
  • Investigating ultracold O2-O2 scattering as a model system.
  • Comparing control in crossed-molecular beam and trap experiments.

Main Results:

  • Time-reversal symmetry provides extensive control for transitions to time-reversal invariant final states (e.g., J=0, M=0).
  • Coherent control is robust against short-range dynamical complexity and collisional energy distributions.
  • Crossed-molecular beam experiments offer complete control at any temperature, unlike trap experiments.

Conclusions:

  • Time-reversal symmetry is a powerful tool for achieving coherent control in atomic and molecular scattering.
  • The interplay of time-reversal and permutation symmetries is crucial for maintaining control across different temperature regimes.
  • This work opens new pathways for controlling complex inelastic collisions and chemical reactions.