Phyllodes Tumor, A Cytomorphologic Study of 17 Cases with Histologic Correlation

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology
• Breast Cancer Research

Background:

• Phyllodes tumors (PT) are rare fibroepithelial breast neoplasms.
• PTs exhibit a spectrum of behavior from benign to malignant.
• Diagnosis relies on infiltrative margins, stromal overgrowth, atypia, cellularity, and mitotic activity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a detailed cytomorphological study of Phyllodes tumors.
• To correlate cytomorphological findings with clinical and histological data.
• To evaluate diagnostic accuracy and clinical management of PTs.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 17 histologically confirmed PT cases (Jan 2014 - July 2021).
• Collection of clinical data: age, symptoms, tumor size, location, and surgical procedures.
• Detailed cytomorphological assessment of stromal and epithelial components with histological correlation.

Main Results:

• Patient age ranged from 25 to 65 years; all presented with a palpable breast mass.
• Mean tumor size was 11.86 cm.
• Cytohistological concordance was achieved in malignant cases; rare instances of chondroid and fibrosarcomatous differentiation were noted, along with ductal carcinoma in situ.

Conclusions:

• Phyllodes tumors must be considered in the differential diagnosis of rapidly growing breast lumps.
• Breast imaging has limited diagnostic utility for PTs.
• Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) or trucut biopsy is crucial for preoperative diagnosis, and extended follow-up is recommended.