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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Video-oculography in Mice

Video-oculography in Mice

Published on: July 19, 2012

Interdigitating Modules for Visual Processing During Locomotion and Rest in Mouse V1.

A M Meier¹, R D D'Souza¹, W Ji¹

¹Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|March 10, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Locomotion differentially impacts visual cortex (V1) circuits. Strongly modulated cells cluster in M2- interpatches, suggesting distinct processing networks influenced by feedback connections and interneurons.

Keywords:

Mouse calcium imaging layer 1 looped cortical circuits modular architecture modulation by locomotion visual cortex visual responses

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Visual System Processing
Cortical Circuits

Background:

Layer 1 of the primary visual cortex (V1) receives locomotion-related signals from the dorsal lateral geniculate (dLGN) and lateral posterior (LP) thalamic nuclei.
These inputs target distinct regions within V1 Layer 1: dLGN to M2+ patches and LP to M2- interpatches, indicating segregated motion processing networks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate differential activation of L2/3 neurons in V1 by locomotion under M2+ and M2- modules.
To explore the role of feedback connections from higher cortical areas to V1 Layer 1 in modulating these responses.

Main Methods:

Calcium imaging in head-fixed awake mice to monitor neuronal activity.
Pathway tracing to identify feedback connections from cortical areas to V1.
Analysis of neuronal activity modulation by locomotion and correlated variability.

Main Results:

Locomotion strongly modulated cell clusters aligned with M2- interpatches, while M2+ patches showed weak modulation.
M2- interpatch cells exhibited increased correlated variability across distant visual field sites, suggesting broader integration.
Pathway tracing revealed looped, like-to-like networks involving MOs-, PM-, and RSP-projecting neurons and feedback to V1 Layer 1.

Conclusions:

Distinct V1 Layer 1 networks process locomotion-related signals, with M2- interpatches showing stronger modulation and wider integration.
Feedback connections from higher cortical areas and somatostatin (SST) interneurons likely shape these locomotion-modulated subnetworks within M2- interpatches.