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Updated: May 23, 2025

Perturbing Endothelial Biomechanics via Connexin 43 Structural Disruption
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Injury Induced Connexin 43 Expression Regulates Endothelial Wound Healing.

Meghan W Sedovy, Mark C Renton, Kailynn Roberts

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    Connexin 43 (Cx43) gap junctions are crucial for endothelial cell healing after vascular injury. Upregulation of Cx43 promotes cell migration and proliferation, essential for wound closure.

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    Area of Science:

    • Vascular Biology
    • Cellular Signaling
    • Wound Healing Mechanisms

    Background:

    • Endothelial cell (EC) injury compromises vascular surgical outcomes.
    • Understanding EC healing is vital for developing new vascular therapeutics.
    • The role of connexin 43 (Cx43) gap junctions in EC healing remains largely unknown.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of Cx43 in endothelial cell healing following vascular injury.
    • To determine if Cx43 upregulation is induced by EC injury in vivo.
    • To elucidate the functional impact of Cx43 on EC migration and proliferation.

    Main Methods:

    • Secondary analysis of RNAseq data from injured mouse aortas.
    • Development of a novel mouse carotid artery ligation model for EC injury.
    • Inducible EC-specific Cx43 deletion (EC-Cx43 KO) and phospho-null Cx43 mutant mouse models.
    • Single-cell RNAseq analysis of EC-WT and EC-Cx43 KO carotids.

    Main Results:

    • Cx43 is significantly upregulated in ECs post-vascular injury, particularly at cell-cell junctions.
    • EC-Cx43 KO mice exhibit significantly delayed EC healing at 24 hours post-ligation.
    • Cx43 deletion reduces EC migration, proliferation, and ERK/MAPK signaling.
    • Phosphorylation-null Cx43 mutants impair EC healing similarly to Cx43 deletion.

    Conclusions:

    • Mechanical injury to large artery endothelium induces Cx43 expression.
    • Cx43 gap junction communication is essential for EC migration and wound closure after vascular injury.
    • Cx43 phosphorylation plays a critical role in regulating EC healing processes.