Membrane modification strategies for virus removal from water
Yang Li1, Xueye Wang1, Lehui Ren1
1State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Advanced Membrane Technology Center of Tongji University, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.
Abstract:
Membrane technology, through innovative approaches such as nanocomposite membranes, membrane bioreactors, and electrocatalytic membrane reactors, offers a synergistic platform for pathogen removal. This review examines recent advancements in membrane modifications aimed at optimizing virus removal efficiency. It outlines various mechanisms employed in these innovations, including size exclusion, electronic interactions, hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, and pathogen inactivation. By systematically discussing the modifications and the intrinsic properties of viruses that affect their interactions with these membranes, the review highlights the potential of advanced functional materials tailored to specific membrane processes. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of adjusting membrane pore sizes and enhancing other physical and chemical properties (e.g., electrochemical oxidation performance) to improve efficacy. Overall, this review comprehensively assesses various membrane technologies, comparing their effectiveness and providing theoretical insights and practical guidance on utilizing membrane modifications to safeguard water against viral contaminants.
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