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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Additives at trace levels critically influence crystal properties like morphology, purity, and growth kinetics.
  • Understanding additive effects is key to controlling crystallization processes for desired material characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of various additives on alpha-glycine (α-gly) crystal growth.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which different additives affect specific crystal facets and growth rates.

Main Methods:

  • Crystal growth experiments with diverse additives (l-amino acids, organic acids, salts).
  • In-situ growth rate monitoring using imaging techniques.
  • Surface analysis via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and fluorescence microscopy.

Main Results:

  • l-Tryptophan and l-methionine selectively inhibited the (02̅0) facet growth of α-glycine.
  • Malonic and salicylic acids inhibited {011} facet growth due to interactions with deprotonated acid species.
  • α-Iminodiacetic acid proved a potent inhibitor, blocking both {011} and {020} facet growth.
  • Fe(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) ions incorporated into {011} facets, with Cu(II) and Zn(II) showing minimal impact on growth rates due to complex formation.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates specific structure-dependent interactions between additives and α-glycine facets.
  • Additive molecular structure and chemical properties dictate their inhibitory or incorporative effects on crystal growth.
  • Findings provide a foundation for rational design of additives to control glycine crystallization.