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Digit Ratio as Predictors of Dental Caries: A Study of the 2D:4D Relationship
M Ishwarya1, Vasanthakumari Ananthan1, Selvabalaji Arumugam1
1Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, The Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R Medical University, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
Aim:
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between caries risk and the 2D:4D ratio, a potential marker of prenatal hormone exposure, among children aged 5-12 years.
Methods:
A total of 250 children were examined. Caries indices decayed, missing and filled teeth/decayed, extracted and filled teeth (DMFT/deft) were recorded, and 2D:4D ratios were measured using a vernier caliper. Chi-square statistical analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between 2D:4D ratios and caries risk.
Results:
The study revealed a higher prevalence of caries among children with a low 2D:4D ratio (<1), suggesting elevated prenatal androgen levels. Specifically, 123 out of 147 individuals (83.67%) with a 2D:4D ratio less than 1 presented a high caries index, compared to 32 out of 103 individuals (31.07%) with a ratio equal to or greater than 1. Gender-specific differences were observed, with males exhibiting lower mean 2D:4D ratios than females.
Conclusion:
These findings suggest a potential role for the 2D:4D ratio as a predictive marker for dental caries risk in children.
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