An overview of renorrhaphy techniques for partial nephrectomy

Partial nephrectomy aims to provide both effective oncological management and renal function preservation. Surgical complications pertaining to the defect created during a partial nephrectomy include hemorrhage and urinary leak. Over time, approaches have advanced for managing the defect created during a partial nephrectomy. Herein, we explore techniques used for renorrhaphy in partial nephrectomy, its evolution and current state. We review the history of partial nephrectomy and the early techniques used to close the parenchymal defect, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. The article then investigates the principles of renorrhaphy and the sliding clip technique. Modifications made to the sliding clip technique are depicted with illustrations. Single-layer versus double-layer closure and continuous versus interrupted sutures are evaluated. Non-renorrhaphy techniques, such as sealants and glues, used to seal the renal remnant are explored. By examining the evolution of renorrhaphy techniques, this article provides a comprehensive understanding of the improvements made in a key component of partial nephrectomy. We aim to provide novel insights towards better understanding the history and current state of renorrhaphy techniques in partial nephrectomy.