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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

Cochlear Implant Surgery and Electrically-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response Recordings in C57BL/6 Mice
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Cochlear Implantation After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Russell W De Jong1, Amanda Y Dao1, James K Aden2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, JBSA-Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|March 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

History of traumatic brain injury (TBI) does not degrade audiological outcomes in patients receiving cochlear implantation (CI). Patients with TBI demonstrated comparable hearing rehabilitation to those without TBI history.

Keywords:
cochlear implanthearing losshearing outcomestraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can impact neurological function.
  • Cochlear implantation (CI) offers hearing rehabilitation for severe hearing loss.
  • The effect of TBI on CI outcomes is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if a history of TBI affects postoperative audiological performance in patients undergoing CI.
  • To compare hearing outcomes between CI patients with and without a history of TBI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of a Department of Defense-wide database (2005-2023).
  • Identification of patients with TBI prior to CI using ICD-9/ICD-10 codes.
  • 2:1 matching of TBI patients with non-TBI controls based on age and sex; comparison of preoperative and postoperative pure tone average (PTA) thresholds and AzBio scores.

Main Results:

  • Nineteen TBI patients (20 ears) were matched with 39 non-TBI patients (40 ears).
  • Mean follow-up was 44 months.
  • Postoperative PTA and AzBio scores were comparable between groups (PTA: 37 vs. 31 dB, P=.93; AzBio: 67% vs. 69%, P=.88).
  • All TBI ears achieved sound awareness; 79% achieved open-set speech perception versus 82% in the non-TBI group.

Conclusions:

  • Cochlear implantation following TBI, regardless of severity, yields audiological results similar to those without a TBI history.
  • TBI does not appear to be a significant factor in degrading CI audiological performance.
  • CI is an effective hearing rehabilitation option for patients with a history of TBI.