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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Early Detection and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Early Detection and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors

Published on: February 16, 2024

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Nomogram Prediction for Gastric Cancer Development.

Joo Hyun Lim1,2, Areum Han3,4, Soo-Jeong Cho1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology
|March 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and gastric atrophy are key gastric cancer (GC) risks. New nomograms effectively predict GC risk, aiding personalized screening and treatment strategies for high-risk individuals.

Keywords:
atrophydiffuse typegastric cancerintestinal type

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and gastric atrophy are established risk factors for gastric cancer (GC).
  • No existing nomograms predict GC risk based on combined individual risk factors.
  • This study addresses the need for predictive models integrating these risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate nomogram prediction models for gastric cancer (GC).
  • To assess the models' ability to predict overall, intestinal, and diffuse GC subtypes.
  • To identify key predictors of GC within a cohort screened for Hp infection and atrophy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 28,311 subjects screened between 2003-2018.
  • Classification into four groups based on Hp antibody titer and gastric atrophy presence.
  • Development of nomograms using Cox and subdistribution hazard models, validated with c-index and AUC.

Main Results:

  • 231 GC cases (159 intestinal, 68 diffuse) observed over 5.7 years median follow-up.
  • Significant predictors included age, BMI, family history, smoking, and Hp/atrophy classification (high-C, low-C).
  • Nomograms showed good predictive performance, with AUCs of 0.82 (intestinal), 0.62 (diffuse), and 0.75 (total GC).

Conclusions:

  • Developed nomograms are valuable for identifying individuals at high risk for GC, especially the intestinal type.
  • These tools can guide personalized eradication and intensive screening strategies.
  • Nomograms enhance risk stratification for targeted GC prevention efforts.