Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Toxic Reactions: Overview

Toxic Reactions: Overview

When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...

Types of Toxins

Types of Toxins

Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Cell fusion after wounding requires plasma membrane damage and endocytosis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Quantifying and modeling loss of estrogen and progesterone in PDMS-based devices.

Microfluidics and nanofluidics·2025

Same author

After wounding, a G-protein coupled receptor promotes the restoration of tension in epithelial cells.

Molecular biology of the cell·2024

Same author

Tumor therapy by targeting extracellular hydroxyapatite using novel drugs: A paradigm shift.

Cancer medicine·2024

Same author

After wounding, a G-protein coupled receptor promotes the restoration of tension in epithelial cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2023

Same author

Zones of cellular damage around pulsed-laser wounds.

PloS one·2021

Same journal

Microfluidic rare cell analysis beyond counting: workflow design from enrichment to multi-omics.

Lab on a chip·2026

Same journal

A sperm racetrack to separate sperm by swim speed.

Lab on a chip·2026

Same journal

Controlled encapsulation and droplet size prediction in two-step microfluidic double emulsions.

Lab on a chip·2026

Same journal

A particulate blood-mimicking fluid with physiological biconcave geometry for microscale hemorheology.

Lab on a chip·2026

Same journal

Multicellular sensor arrays fabricated by capillary stamping for pattern-based odor discrimination.

Lab on a chip·2026

Same journal

A real-time microfluidic surveillance system for multiplex detection of heavy metal contamination in wastewater.

Lab on a chip·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

The Multi-organ Chip - A Microfluidic Platform for Long-term Multi-tissue Coculture

The Multi-organ Chip - A Microfluidic Platform for Long-term Multi-tissue Coculture

Published on: April 28, 2015

Toxicokinetics for organ-on-chip devices.

Nathaniel G Hermann¹, Richard A Ficek¹, Dmitry A Markov²

¹Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, PMB 401807, Nashville, TN 37240, USA. shane.hutson@vanderbilt.edu.

|March 10, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new model accurately predicts chemical doses in organ-on-chip (OOC) devices by accounting for interactions with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This advances the reliability of OOCs for toxicology and pharmacology testing.

More Related Videos

Scalable Fabrication of Stretchable, Dual Channel, Microfluidic Organ Chips

Scalable Fabrication of Stretchable, Dual Channel, Microfluidic Organ Chips

Published on: October 20, 2018

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment

Published on: December 3, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2025

The Multi-organ Chip - A Microfluidic Platform for Long-term Multi-tissue Coculture

The Multi-organ Chip - A Microfluidic Platform for Long-term Multi-tissue Coculture

Published on: April 28, 2015

Scalable Fabrication of Stretchable, Dual Channel, Microfluidic Organ Chips

Scalable Fabrication of Stretchable, Dual Channel, Microfluidic Organ Chips

Published on: October 20, 2018

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment

An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment

Published on: December 3, 2020

Area of Science:

Pharmacology and Toxicology
Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Organ-on-chip (OOC) devices are advanced New Approach Methods (NAMs) for predicting human responses.
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a common material in OOCs but interacts with hydrophobic chemicals.
This interaction alters the actual chemical dose cells experience, impacting OOC reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a comprehensive model for chemical-PDMS interactions.
To quantify dose inaccuracies in OOC devices due to PDMS material properties.
To improve the predictive accuracy of OOCs in toxicological and pharmacological applications.

Main Methods:

Developed a model to characterize chemical partitioning into and diffusion through PDMS.
Applied the model to 24 diverse chemicals, including dyes, pollutants, and pesticides.
Validated the model's ability to predict time-dependent doses under continuous-flow conditions.

Main Results:

Characterized PDMS interactions for 24 chemicals.
Obtained physical interaction parameters for each chemical.
Demonstrated accurate prediction of time-dependent doses in simulated OOC conditions.

Conclusions:

The developed model accurately characterizes chemical-PDMS interactions.
This model enables precise dose prediction in OOC devices.
The findings enhance the utility of OOCs as reliable NAMs in drug development and toxicology.