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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

Temporal Ordering of Dynamic Expression Data from Detailed Spatial Expression Maps
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Plant Peptide Ligands as Temporal and Spatial Regulators.

Vilde O Lalun1, Melinka A Butenko1

  • 1Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; email: v.o.lalun@ibv.uio.no, m.a.butenko@ibv.uio.no.

Annual Review of Plant Biology
|March 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Plant peptide ligands are essential for development and response to stimuli. This review highlights new mechanisms controlling peptide signaling, focusing on how protein processing and the apoplast regulate peptide activity.

Keywords:
apoplastic barriersdefensedevelopmentendocrine signalingparacrine signalingpeptide ligandsposttranslational processingsystemic signaling

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular signaling
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Plant hormones regulate development and responses to stimuli.
  • Peptide ligands act as crucial short- and long-distance communicators in plants.
  • Research since the 1990s has revealed the importance of peptide ligands in development and phenotypic plasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recently discovered mechanisms regulating spatial and temporal cellular responses to peptide ligands.
  • To provide examples of how peptide processing and apoplastic conditions modulate peptide activity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on recent discoveries in plant peptide signaling.
  • Analysis of mechanisms controlling peptide ligand activity.
  • Examination of the roles of peptide processing proteins and apoplastic conditions.

Main Results:

  • Peptide ligands are key regulators of plant development and plasticity.
  • Specific mechanisms ensure precise spatial and temporal control of peptide-triggered cellular responses.
  • Peptide processing proteins and apoplastic environment significantly influence peptide ligand activity.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding peptide ligand regulation is vital for comprehending plant development.
  • Novel mechanisms provide insights into the fine-tuning of cellular responses.
  • Apoplastic factors and protein processing are critical determinants of peptide signaling efficacy.